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political compass
The political compass is a multi-axis political model, used by the website of the same name, to label or organise political thought on two dimensions. In its selection and representation of these two dimensions, it is similar to the Nolan Chart and Pournelle Chart. The term "Political Compass" is claimed as a trademark by the British website Pace News Limited, which uses responses to a set of 61 propositions to rate political ideology on two axes: ''Economic'' (Left–Right) and ''Social'' (Authoritarian–Libertarian).〔 The site also includes an explanation of the two-axis system they use, a few charts which place various past and present political figures according to their estimation,〔Daily Telegraph: (Time to start pounding away at Gordon Brown ). 18 August 2007〕 and reading lists for each of the main political orientations.
==Political model==
The underlying theory of the Political Compass is that political ideology may be better measured along two separate and independent axes. The Economic (Left-Right) axis measures one's opinion of how the economy should be run: "left" is defined as the desire for the economy to be run by a cooperative collective agency (which can mean the state, but can also mean a network of communes), while "right" is defined as the desire for the economy to be left to the devices of competing individuals and organizations. The other axis (Authoritarian-Libertarian) measures one's political opinions in a social sense, regarding the amount of personal freedom that one would allow: "libertarianism" is defined as the belief that personal freedom should be maximised, while "authoritarianism" is defined as the belief that authority and tradition should be obeyed.
The labels given to the different fields and axes on the compass are based on long-standing terminology, which can be applied to almost all Western democracies, including the politics of the United States.〔(Political Compass FAQ Q3 )〕〔(Steven Lukes NYU THE GRAND DICHOTOMY OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY )〕〔(Wikihow How To Tell If You're Right Wing Or Left Wing )〕〔(The Dynamics of Right Wing Politics in America )〕〔(Authoritarianism Politics )〕〔(Authoritarianism Politics )〕〔(What is the libertarian party? )〕〔(Libertarianism in the United States )〕〔(Leftist Politics in the United States )〕
A number of other multi-axis models of political thought exist. Some are based on similar axes to the Political Compass. A similar chart appeared in ''The Floodgates of Anarchy'' by Albert Meltzer.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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